Browsing by Author "John, Enoka Munduka"

Now showing 1 - 1 of 1

Assessment of the Population size, Distribution and Threats to Conservation of Rhampholeon Acuminatus in Nguru Mountain, Morogoro, Tanzania
(Mbeya University of Science and Technology, 2025-12-01) John, Enoka Munduka
Nguru Spiny Pygmy Chameleon (Rhampholeon acuminatus) is a critically endangered dwarf chameleon endemic to the Nguru Mountains in Morogoro, Tanzania. The species faces severe threats due to habitat degradation as a result of human activities, particularly agricultural expansion. This study assessed the population size, distribution, habitat conditions and conservation challenges of R. acuminatus in the Mkingu Nature Forest Reserve (MNFR) which is part of the Nguru Mountains. A combination of field surveys, environmental assessments and community interviews was employed to determine population dynamics, habitat quality and community’s perceptions on the conservation of R. acuminatus. Findings showed that, a total of 57 individuals of R. acuminatus were recorded, with 88 % in montane forests (≥1400 m.a.s.l.), 12 % in submontane forests (700–1400 m.a.s.l.), and none in lowland areas. The species' distribution correlated strongly with elevation, canopy cover and humidity, with montane forests providing the most suitable habitat. There is significant variation in population density between habitat zones (p < 0.05), with montane forests offering more stable environmental conditions for the species. The species’ limited range highlights its vulnerability to deforestation and habitat degradation. Local communities exhibited limited awareness of the species, with only 23.4% of respondents correctly identifying it. Additionally, 31.5% of respondents expressed no perceived benefits of conserving the species (p = 0.001), and 25.2% were unaware of threats (p = 0.0148). With 88.3% of respondents reporting land clearance for farming. Notably, 97% of respondents indicated that no formal education programs on R. acuminatus had been conducted, highlighting a significant gap in conservation awareness. Findings from this research emphasize the urgent need for targeted conservation strategies, including habitat restoration, law enforcement against deforestation and community-based education programs. Enhancing local awareness and integrating sustainable agricultural practices into conservation initiatives are critical to mitigating threats to R. acuminatus. Without immediate intervention, the species faces an increasing risk of extinction. This study provides baseline data for future conservation planning and policy formulation, ensuring the long-term survival of R. acuminatus within its natural habitat in the Nguru Mountains.