Welcome to MUST Repository
Mbeya University of Science and Technology Institutional Repository has been developed for the purpose of collecting, managing and digitally disseminating information especially research information that is essential process for knowledge formation to encourage human growth.
Communities in MUST Repository
Select a community to browse its collections.
Recent Submissions
THE IMPACT OF LAND COVER AND LAND USE ON THE HYDROLOGIC RESPONSE IN THE OLIFANTS
(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2006) Ncube, Mthokozisi
Water availability in Southern Africa is highly variable both in time and space, thereby
exposing the region to high risks in water availability. This is further compounded by
numerous human activities which have significant impact on water resources. The
brunt of the risks associated with water scarcity is particularly heaviest on resource-
constrained farmers who depend largely on rain-fed agriculture for subsistence. With
continuously increasing demands on the water resources, the need for a better
understanding of the hydrological systems becomes crucial as it forms the gateway for
providing reliable information for managing water resources.
It is also increasingly becoming more important to address land and water linkages
because land use decisions are water use decisions. Operational hydrology provides an
insight into the effects of man-made changes, the foreseeable hydrological
characteristics at a given site, and the long-term prediction of the future hydrological
effects of human activities. This provides for a more holistic approach in managing
land and water resources as well as the impact of land use on partitioning rainfall into
streamflow.
This report discusses the application of the SWAT model to the B72E - F quaternary
catchments in the Olifants Water Management Area to assess streamflow generation
and the effects of human-environment interactions on the hydrology. Results show an
expected correlation between land cover and the hydrologic response where an
increase in land cover corresponds to a reduction in the streamflow. Range grass shows
a higher reduction in the streamflow followed by forestry with arid land giving the
highest increase in streamflow. Prediction in the similar neighbouring and ungauged
B72A catchment gives a MAR of 68mm.
Additionally, a rigorous analysis of the concepts of a local hydrological model, HDAM,
is done with respect to rainfall which is the main driver of the model. Modifications of
some of the relationships used in the model are suggested with the potential of
streamlining the model and making it more applicable in the region.
Strategy to Overcome Barriers of Rainwater Harvesting, Case Study Tanzania
(Scientific Research Publishing, 2016-09-12) Burton, Mwamila Tulinave; Young, Han Moo; Katambara, Zacharia
There are Socio-Technological Challenges Towards Extension of The Application of
Rainwater Harvesting (RWH) Practicesin Developing Countries. an Attempt to Ad-
Dress this was Done Using the Mnyundo Primary School, Tanzania, as A Study Area For
Evaluating the Technical, Economic, and Social Challenges of RWH Practices. A Sto-
Rage Water Level Monitoring Gauge was Used so as to Simplify Rainwater Quantity Con-
Trol and Utilization Strategy. Basic Quality Control Components Such as First Flush Tank
Were Incorporated so as to Reduce the Particle Load Flowing Into The Storage. Cost Re-
Duction Strategies Such As The One (1) Company One (1) Community Campaign Were
Applied To Address The Cost Implication. To Enhance Ownership, Participatory Ap-
Proach Of The Beneficiaries In All Stages Including Planning, Designing And Imple-
Mentation Was Adopted. In Order To Ensure Project Sustainability, Training On How To
Operate And Maintain Were Provided As Well As A Maintenance Manual To Impart A
Sense Of Ownership. For The Challenges Of Imparting RWH Practices In Tanzania, 19
Solutions Have Been Identified And They Include Provision Of RWH Manuals, Guide-
Lines And Regulations, Government Incentives, And Promotion Of Self-Financing Initia-
Tives. For Developing Countries, The Study Proposes The Following Strategies: Estab-
Lishing Relevant Regulations And Research Centers, Enhancing Individual And Commu-
Nity Financial Stability, Conducting Demonstration Projects, And Increased Investment
By Government On Promotion.
Private
Determinants of Students’ Performance in Electrical and Electronics Engineering at Mbeya University of Science and Technology, Tanzania
(G-Card, 2025) Katambara, Zacharia
The Electrical and Electronics Engineering Program Requires a Balance Between Theoretical
Knowledge and Practical Application, Making Students’ Performance Optimization Essential in Meeting
Industry Demands. this Study Utilized Descriptive Statistics, Pearson Correlation Analysis, and Principal
Component Analysis (PCA) to Evaluate Academic Performance in the EEE Program at Mbeya University of
Science and Technology (MUST). by Examining 16 Core Courses, the Study Identified Key Determinants of
Students’ Success, Course Interdependencies and Areas for Curriculum Enhancement. Descriptive Statistics
Revealed Significant Variability in Performance, with EE 8401 (Industrial Practical Training 3) Recording the
Highest Mean (79.98) and EE 8402 (Phase AC Synchronous Machines) the Lowest (48.11), Highlighting
Disparities in Instructional Effectiveness. Pearson Correlation Analysis Shows Strong Correlations Among
Theoretically Aligned Courses, Moderate Correlations Among Related Subjects, and Weak or Negative
Correlations in Distinct Learning Domains, Emphasizing the Need for Targeted Interventions and Curriculum
Adjustments. PCA Findings Confirmed that Three Principal Components Explained 58.85% of the Variance,
Representing Theoretical Foundations, Applied Project-Based Learning and Specialized Hands-on Training. Scree
Plot and Eigenvalue Analysis Validated Dimensionality Reduction, Enhancing Data Interpretation. Principal
Component Loadings Highlight Academic Constructs, With PC1 Reflecting Analytical Competencies, PC2
Capturing Project-Based Courses and PC3 Representing Specialized Training. This Study Recommends Aligning
Theoretical Courses with Standardized Assessments, Integrating Industry Collaborations in Project-Based
Learning and Refining Assessment Models for Specialized Training. Future Research should Explore Longitudinal
Trends in Principal Components, External Influences on High-Uniqueness Courses and Students’ Feedback
Integration. by Implementing Data-Driven Strategies, Institutions can Refine Engineering Curricula, Bridge
Performance Gaps and Enhance Student Success Outcomes.
Does Tanzania Social Action Fund Intervention a Panacea to Food Insecure Vulnerable Rural Poor People?
(IJRSS, 2014-08) M, Mwidege Asheri; Mlambiti, M.E.; Damas, P
Development intervention is increasingly reported as a means of improving the livelihoods of
the vulnerable poor people. However, little information on what could have been happened if
there could be no intervention is available. This study was conducted to assess the livelihood
impact of Tanzania Social Action Fund intervention in Agriculture for vulnerable communities
in Makete and Rungwe Districts. This research examined whether intervention in food security is
a panacea for the vulnerable communities. A quasi-experimental design was used to collect a
sample of 239 and 115 recipient and non-recipient households and triangulation approaches were
employed, respectively. Pairedt -test, chi-square test and phi-coefficient were used to ascertain
the significance of the means of differences, comparing sample variance and strength of
relationship between qualitative variables, respectively. Results showed that recipients were food
insecure than non recipients. Based on these findings, it is concluded that intervention on food
security through participation is not a panacea to vulnerable communities. Therefore, it is
recommended that intervention should be on prevention basis rather than coping strategies.
Effects of Innovation on Business Performance: Empirical Evidence from Manufacturing Firms in Tanzania
(AJASSS, 2022-12-31) Athumani, Mwaifyusi Hussein; Kitwana, Dau Ramadhani
Regardless of its relevance for business performance, the influence of innovation
on the performance of manufacturing firms in Tanzania is not well documented.
Thus, this study aimed to examine the effects of innovation on business performance
of manufacturing firms in Tanzania. The study used cross-sectional design and
quantitative approach. Copies of a structured questionnaire were administered to
420 participants from 28 manufacturing companies in Dar es Salaam and Coast
Regions. An impressive response rate of 93.1% was achieved. Data were tested for
reliability using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Tests for normality, multicollinearity
and autocorrelation were conducted, and the results showed the data were reliable,
normally distributed, free of multicollinearity and autocorrelation problems.
Descriptive and multiple regression statistical techniques were employed. The
results suggested that a significant positive effect existed between performance of
manufacturing firms and product innovation (B=0.705, p=0.001), process
innovation (B=0.640, p=0.000) and marketing innovation (B=.818, p=0.000). The
obvious implication to industry is that innovation is important to business success
of the manufacturing companies, thus the governments should motivate firms to
innovate continuously by giving incentives to invest in R&D. Past studies linking
innovation and performance have focused on financial measures of performance.
The major contribution of the current study is to use non-financial measures of
performance such as business growth and responsiveness to change.