Browsing by Author "Leweri, Cecilia"

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    Impact of Anthropogenic Habitat Changes on Insects: A Case Study of Mount Loleza Forest Reserve
    (International Journal of Entomology Research, 2018-07-04) Leweri, Cecilia; Ojija, Fredrick
    This study assessed the impact of anthropogenic activities on the abundance, diversity and composition of insect species on Mt. Loleza forest reserve in Mbeya, Tanzania. Insects were collected in disturbed, less disturbed and undisturbed habitats using pitfall traps, sweep nets and beating sheets. Data were analysed using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey's post hoc test and Kruskal Wallis. Shannon and Simpson diversities were compared using diversity t-test. Bray-Curtis similarity index was used to group families and species based on the number of individuals. In total, 3058 insect specimens belonging to 21 families and 40 species were collected. Insect abundance was highest in undisturbed habitats (50.10%). The Shannon diversity differed significantly between disturbed and undisturbed habitats (p < 0.05); and between less disturbed and undisturbed habitats (p < 0.05). Results of this study are vital toward effective conservation and management of the global insect species and other animals.
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    People’s Knowledge and Perceptions Towards Bee–Pollinators in the Southern Highlands, Tanzania: Conservation Implications and Strategies
    (SAGE, 2022) Ojija, Fredrick; Leweri, Cecilia
    Background and research aims: Bees are important pollinators of flowering wild plants and agricultural crops that contribute significantly towards food security, improving people’s livelihoods, and maintaining genetic diversity in plant communities. However, the decline of the bee population due to anthropogenic changes and limited knowledge of bees is threatening bee diversity, particularly in sub–Saharan Africa. Negative perceptions, that is, fear and disgust, are common emotions that lead to a lack of support for bee conservation. Understanding local people’s perceptions is vital as it can help in bee conservation decision making and proper protection actions. Methods: We conducted the study in the Mbeya and Songwe regions of Tanzania to assess the knowledge and perception of local people about bee–pollinators and conservation using a structured questionnaire Results: Wefoundthatthemajority ofrespondents (91%) haveheard about bees(χ2=6275,p<0.001)andtheirconservation initiatives (71%), and about 84% of respondents consider bees to be important (χ2 = 168.9, p = 0.001). Moreover, Apis mellifera had the highest identification rate, with 52.7% of respondents. A binary logistic model revealed that respondents’ knowledge of bee–pollinators and pollination is not influenced by their age (except for respondents aged 15–18 years, p = 0.012) and education level. While 74% of respondents claimed to be afraid of bees, 79% stated that bees are dangerous to humans. The most common cause is personal experience with bee stings. Poor farm management practices, for example, use of fire and deforestation, were noted by 79% of respondents as the most human activities threatening bee–pollinators. Conclusion: Overall, the respondents were more familiar with A. mellifera compared to non–Apis bee species. Implications for conservation: Thus, we suggest that implementation of pollinator management programs is vital to ensure their survival and reduce the perceived threat by dispelling myths and encouraging interest in bees.