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Item Effects of Innovation on Business Performance: Empirical Evidence from Manufacturing Firms in Tanzania(AJASSS, 2022-12-31) Athumani, Mwaifyusi Hussein; Kitwana, Dau RamadhaniRegardless of its relevance for business performance, the influence of innovation on the performance of manufacturing firms in Tanzania is not well documented. Thus, this study aimed to examine the effects of innovation on business performance of manufacturing firms in Tanzania. The study used cross-sectional design and quantitative approach. Copies of a structured questionnaire were administered to 420 participants from 28 manufacturing companies in Dar es Salaam and Coast Regions. An impressive response rate of 93.1% was achieved. Data were tested for reliability using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Tests for normality, multicollinearity and autocorrelation were conducted, and the results showed the data were reliable, normally distributed, free of multicollinearity and autocorrelation problems. Descriptive and multiple regression statistical techniques were employed. The results suggested that a significant positive effect existed between performance of manufacturing firms and product innovation (B=0.705, p=0.001), process innovation (B=0.640, p=0.000) and marketing innovation (B=.818, p=0.000). The obvious implication to industry is that innovation is important to business success of the manufacturing companies, thus the governments should motivate firms to innovate continuously by giving incentives to invest in R&D. Past studies linking innovation and performance have focused on financial measures of performance. The major contribution of the current study is to use non-financial measures of performance such as business growth and responsiveness to change.Item Investigation of Properties of Mbeya Pumice Lightweight Aggregates(ResearchGate, 2021-12-01) Shiganza,Oscar John; Mboya,Hieronimi Alphonce; Msambichaka,Joseph JohnThe properties of concrete depend partly on the type and mechanical properties of aggregates used in the concrete mix. The paper presents an investigation designed to study the properties of pumice lightweight aggregates and assess their suitability to structural lightweight concrete. The properties of pumice lightweight aggregates mainly aggregates shape, water absorption, specific gravity and organic impurities were examined. The results indicated that pumice lightweight aggregates have the flakiness and elongation close to upper limits as set by BS 812-105.1:1989 low density, high water absorption in comparison to normal weight aggregates, and are weather resistant. It was concluded that pumice lightweight aggregates are suitable for manufacture of structural lightweight concreteItem Influence of Number of Access Points for Fingerprinting Indoor Positioning Accuracy(International Journal of Research in Advanced Engineering and Technology, 2016-05) Mrindoko, Nicholaus R.The indoor positioning services based on fingerprinting mostly depend on the available access points in vicinity area. This paper explores the impact of number access points (APs) in indoor positioning accuracy based fingerprinting. The analysis is based on deterministic approach. The measurable analysis of test results demonstrates that, the positioning accuracy is highly affected by the number of access points. If the number of APs increased with well distribution positioning error is minimal. Hence, considering the adequate number of APs is guaranteeing an accuracy of an indoor positioning. The analysis could empower indoor positioning designer to enhance positioning performance and to model location fingerprinting based indoor positioning systemsItem Multivariate Analysis of Evaporation Drivers in Mbeya, Tanzania, Using Principal Component Analysis(ACCSCIENCE PUBLISHING, 2025-08-08) Katambara, ZachariaEvaporation is a vital process in the hydrological cycle, accounting for approximately 70% of water loss from the Earth’s surface. In semi-arid and rapidly urbanizing regions, such as Mbeya, Tanzania, understanding the meteorological drivers of evaporation is critical for water resource management and agricultural planning. This study utilized principal component analysis (PCA) on a 10-year dataset comprising solar radiation, sunshine hours, minimum and maximum temperatures, and wind speed to identify key factors influencing evaporation. Descriptive statistics revealed significant non-normality in most variables, particularly radiation and wind speed. At the same time, correlation analysis showed a strong positive relationship between sunshine hours and radiation (r = 0.66) and a moderate negative correlation between radiation and minimum temperature (r = −0.30). PCA identified two principal components accounting for 66.61% of the total variance. Component 1 (38.06%) captured solar-driven variability, dominated by sunshine duration and radiation, whereas Component 2 (28.55%) reflected thermal influences, particularly maximum and minimum temperatures. Wind speed contributed minimally, suggesting a more localized or less consistent role in evaporation dynamics. These findings demonstrate the value of PCA in simplifying complex climatic datasets and improving the interpretation of evaporation processes. Solar radiation and sunshine hours emerged as the dominant drivers, with temperature as a secondary influence. The results emphasize the need to integrate surface-level variables, such as land use, vegetation cover, and soil moisture, in future studies to capture spatial heterogeneity and improve predictive accuracy, especially in data-scarce, climate-sensitive regions like Mbeya.Item Synthetic Determination of Specific Density, Specific Surface Area and Particle Size Distribution of Cementitious Powder Materials(International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research (IJSBAR), 2018) Dr. Chengulaa, Duwa Hamisi; Prof. Msambichaka, Joseph J; Prof. Middendorf, BernhardThe use of cementitious materials for construction of buildings and structures started during ancient civilization. Science of modifying physical and chemical properties of cementitious materials is a continual process which is because of a need to increase reactivity and improve strength and durability properties of binders. Due to increasing demand of modern infrastructures and continual depleting of binder sources the scientist, engineers and researchers work hard on improving binding properties of cementitious materials for construction of low cost and durable structures. Among of the factors which affect binding properties of cementitious properties are densities, surface areas and particle size distribution. Several methods and procedures have been developed to determine these physical properties on which other require huge capital investment and others takes long time to complete a test which hinders further investigation and improvement of alternative binders. This study investigated that there exists an ‘S’ curve similar to particle size distribution curve when time air flow against weights of sample measured using Blaine apparatus is drawn.Item Evaluating the Hydraulic Performance and Sustainability of the Simike–Nzovwe Roadside Drainage System in Mbeya City, Tanzania, Using the Hydrologic Engineering Centre’s River Analysis System Modeling(ACCSCIENCE PUBLISHING, 2025-07-21) Mohamed, Abdul; Katambara, ZachariaThis study addresses the hydraulic inefficiencies and maintenance challenges associated with the roadside drainage system along a 1.85 km stretch of the TANZAM Highway between Simike and the Nzovwe River, which includes five circular culverts. The objective was to evaluate the system’s hydraulic performance under rainfall events using the Hydrologic Engineering Centre’s River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) one-dimensional hydraulic model. Specifically, the study focused on analyzing flow regimes, specific energy transitions, and sediment transport dynamics to identify critical points of inefficiency. The methodology involved simulating steady flow conditions, assessing the influence of channel and culvert geometry, and performing a sensitivity analysis on key hydraulic parameters, including Manning’s roughness coefficient, channel slope, and culvert dimensions. The model results revealed that subcritical flow conditions (Froude number, Fr 1) pose erosion risks. Pronounced hydraulic jumps were observed near culvert outlets, resulting in significant turbulence, abrupt energy dissipation, and localized erosion. Flow velocities decreased sharply from over 7 m/s to below 1 m/s across these transition zones. This study provides an integrated evaluation of hydraulic and sediment transport interactions in a real-world drainage system using HEC-RAS, supported by targeted design optimization strategies. Key recommendations include modifying side slope geometry, increasing longitudinal gradients, and enlarging culvert dimensions to enhance flow capacity and reduce sediment deposition. In addition, the application of riprap in high-velocity zones, vegetative lining in low velocity areas, and the inclusion of sediment traps are proposed to control erosion and minimize maintenance.Item Adaptive Iir Filters For Single Interference Suppression In A BPSK DS CDMA System In Rayleigh Fading Channel(University of Dar es Salaam, 2007-07-01) Mvuma, Aloys N.In this paper, effect of a single narrow-band interference (NBI) on bit error rate (BER) performance for a binary phase shift keying (BPSK) synchronous direct-sequence code-division multiple access (DS CDMA) communication system operating in a frequency nonselective Rayleigh fading channel is analyzed. Second-order adaptive infinite impulse response (IIR) notch filters with plain gradient algorithm (GA) for suppression of NBI in the DS CDMA system are proposed. A general closed-form BER expression for the DS CDMA system with NBI suppression second order adaptive IIR notch filters is derived based on the standard Gaussian approximation (SGA) method. BER expressions are then derived for the allpass filter-based adaptive IIR notch filter and adaptive IIR notch filter with constrained poles and zeros, the two structures that are commonly found in literature. It is observed that both adaptive IIR notch filter structures exhibit comparable BER performance. Extensive computer simulation results are presented to verify the accuracy and limitations of the analysis.Item Occlusion Handler Density Networks for 3D Multimodal Joint Location of Hand Pose Hypothesis(OPEN ACCESS, 2022-12-30) Tito, Stanley L.; Banzi, Jamal F.; Mvuma, Aloys N.Predicting the pose parameters during the hand pose estimation (HPE) process is an ill-posed challenge. This is due to severe self occluded joints of the hand. The existing approaches for predicting pose parameters of the hand, utilize a single-value mapping of an input image to generate final pose output. This way makes it difficult to handle occlusion especially when it comes from the multimodal pose hypothesis. This paper introduces an effective method of handling multimodal joint occlusion using the negative log-likelihood of a multimodal mixture-of-Gaussians through a hybrid hierarchical mixture density network (HHMDN). The proposed approach generates multiple feasible hypotheses of 3D poses with visibility, unimodal and multimodal distribution units to locate joint visibility. The visible features are extracted and fed into the Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) layer of the HHMDN for feature learning. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is proved on ICVL, NYU, and BigHand public hand pose datasets. The imperative results show that the proposed method in this paper is effective as it achieves a visibility error of 30.3mm, which is less error compared to many state-of-the-art approaches that use different distributions of visible and occluded joints.Item Ubiquitous Mobile Sensing for Water Quality Monitoring and Reporting within Lake Victoria Basin(Scientific Research, 2014-12) Faustine, Anthony; Mvuma, Aloys N.As the human population growth and industry pressure in most developing countries continue to increase, effective water quality monitoring and evaluation has become critical for water re sources management programs. This paper presents the ubiquitous mobile sensing system for water quality data collection and monitoring applications in developing countries. The system was designed based on the analysis of the existing solution. Open source hardware and software was used to develop the prototype of the system. Field testing of the system conducted in Nkokonjero, Uganda and Mwanza, Tanzania verified the functionalities of the system and its practical applica tion in actual environment. Results show that proposed solution is able to collect and present data in a mobile environment.Item BER of OFDM System With Multiple NBI Rejection Cascade Complex Coefficient Adaptive IIR Notch Filter(Scientific Research, 2012-08-16) Mvuma, Aloys N.In this paper, rejection of multiple narrowband interferers in a binary phase shift keying modulated orthogonal fre- quency division multiplexing (BPSK-OFDM) system is investigated. The BPSK-OFDM system in consideration oper- ates in an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. A cascade complex coefficient adaptive infinite impulse response (IIR) notch filter with gradient-based algorithm is used to reject the interferers. Bit error ratio (BER) perform- ance of the system is studied and a general closed-form expression is derived assuming negligible steady-state leakage NBI and by estimating the decision variable as Gaussian distributed based on Central Limit Theorem (CLT). Depend- ence of the BER performance on the notch bandwidth coefficient is demonstrated by the analysis. Extensive simulation results are included to substantiate accuracy of the analysis.Item QPSK DS-CDMA System over Rayleigh Channel with a Randomly-Varying Frequency Narrow-Band Interference: Frequency Tracking Analysis.(Scientific Research., 2010-03) Mvuma, Aloys N.This paper analyzes frequency tracking characteristics of a complex-coefficient adaptive infinite-impulse response (IIR) notch filter used for suppression of narrow-band interference (NBI) with a randomly varying frequency in a quadriphase shift keying (QPSK) modulated direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (DS-CDMA) communication system. The QPSK DS-CDMA signals are transmitted over a frequency non-selective Rayleigh fading channel. The analysis is based on a first-order real-coefficient difference equation with respect to steady-state instantaneous frequency tracking error from which a closed-form expression that relates frequency tracking mean square error (MSE) with the number of DS-CDMA active users and NBI power is obtained. Closed-form expressions for the optimum notch bandwidth coefficient and step size constant that minimize the frequency tracking MSE are also derived. Computer simulations are included to substantiatethe accuracy of the analyses.Item Land-use/land-cover change in the Ngerengere River Catchment, Tanzania: Insights from 2004 to 2034(ACCScience, 2025-07-21) Nkinda, Rose; Ojija, FredrickLand use and land cover (LULC) surrounding the Ngerengere River, Tanzania, which is a crucial water source, has led to a rapid decline in vegetated areas. Understanding these changes is vital for informed decision making and sustainable river catchment management. This study assessed historical LULC trends from 2004 to 2024, projected the current trend of change to 2034, and analyzed the human activities driving the trends using Landsat TM imagery. The study utilized both spatial and non-spatial datasets from primary sources (Landsat imagery via Google Earth Engine and field surveys) and secondary sources (literature and government reports). Landsat 5 (2004) and Landsat 8 (2014, 2024) images were processed using Arc-GIS and QGIS to minimize cloud interference. Land cover classification combined unsupervised and supervised methods, validated with ground reference points collected through GPS. A rule-based classification system used spectral indices to identify land cover types. Classified maps were visualized and exported for further analysis. Furthermore, systematic field visits were conducted along the catchment to assess human land use activities, that is, agriculture, settlements, and deforestation. Results revealed a 17.6% decline in sparse vegetation between 2004 and 2014, and a further 27.01% decrease from 2014 to 2024. Bare land increased by 8.58% over the two decades. Built-up areas rose from 0.67% in 2004 to 5.44% in 2014, then dropped to 2.1% in 2024. In contrast, dense vegetation increased from 0.04% in 2004 to 7.13% in 2024. Overall, the land cover projection for 2034 indicates continued ecological transformation within the Ngerengere River catchment. These shifts, primarily driven by agricultural expansion and deforestation, underscore the urgent need for sustainable land management. The significant vegetation cover decline in the catchment is largely due to agricultural encroachment into forested areas.Item Dynamics of leaf litter decomposition and macronutrient mineralisation of dominant tree species in urban subtropical reserve forests(Elsevier B.V, 2024-09-25) Malunguja, Gisandu K.; Devi, AshalataOver the past decade, the northeastern regions of India have seen a significant increase in forested areas near urban centres, known as urban reserve forests (RFs). The increase in area is attributed to the implementation of green urban planning and initiatives aimed at adapting to climate change. Dominant tree species in these forests have a sig- nificant impact on nutrient dynamics and mineralisation through litter decomposition, but the specific extent of their contributions is not well understood. Thus, to address this gap, a year-long experiment was conducted using litter bags and trap techniques on 48 trees representing eight dominant species: Shorea robusta, Tectona grandis, Dalbergia sissoo, Lagerstroemia speciosa, Syzygium cumini, Altingia excelsa, Artocarpus heterophyllus, and Ficus hirta. The study found that annual litter production ranged from 0.62 to 3.3 Mg ha−1 year−1 , with Tectona grandis producing the highest litter pro- duction while Lagerstroemia speciosa had the least. The decomposition rates exhibited variation, with Ficus hirta decomposing at the highest rate of 99.2 % and Shorea robusta at the slowest rate of 62.4 %. However, Shorea robusta had the highest decay constant (k = 0.38) and Ficus hirta had the lowest (k = 0.01). Ficus hirta took the least time (1.04 years) to decay 95 % of their litter, while Shorea robusta took the most (5.11 years). The decomposition of litter resulted in significant variations in the return of macronutrients (N, P, and K), with N being the highest (85.26 %), followed by K (83.3 %) and P (33.58 %). Macronutrients in the litter showed a positive correlation with the levels of N, P, and K in the soil, increasing linearly throughout the experiment. This indicates a continuous release of nutrients from decomposing litter. The study found that planting a mix of Ficus hirta, Tectona grandis, Dalbergia sissoo, and Lagerstroemia speciosa is the most effective way to restore nutrients and make the soil more fertile rapidly. Introducing these species in new reserve forests has the potential to improve soil fertility, promote forest sustainability, and provide long-term resilience in mineralisatioItem Optimal Placement of Distributed Generation Units in Power Distribution Networks Using Particle Swarm Optimization(Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology, 2025-06) Suwi, Owdean M.; Justo, Jackson J.; Mighanda1, Manyahi J.Power losses and voltage drops in distribution networks are critical issues in power system operation, reducing efficiency, reliability, and overall quality of the power supply to customers. Additionally, the rising electricity demand, deregulation of energy markets, and congestion in transmission networks have further contributed to the declining performance of the grid. To address these challenges, integrating distributed generation units (DGUs) into electric distribution systems has gained significant attention. Furthermore, the integration of DGUs into conventional fossil fuel-based power plants is becoming necessary to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However, proper placement and sizing of DGUs are crucial for achieving optimal benefits. Inappropriate placement and sizing can lead to increased losses and degraded system performance, whereas optimal placement can enhance voltage stability and minimize power losses, thereby improving overall system performance. This study presents a particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique for determining the optimal placement and sizing of DGUs in power distribution networks. The proposed PSO approach considers voltage and power constraints to ensure operational requirements are met. The methodology is validated using IEEE 33-bus system simulations under three different scenarios: a network without DGUs, a network with one DGU, and a network with two DGUs. Simulation results demonstrate that optimal DGU placement significantly reduces power losses, minimizes voltage drops, and enhances system performance compared to a network without DGUs.Item Optimal Placement of Distributed Generation Units in Power Distribution Networks Using Particle Swarm Optimization(Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology, 2025-06-30) Suwi, Owdean M.; Justo, Jackson, J; Mighanda, Manyahi JPower losses and voltage drops in distribution networks are critical issues in power system operation, reducing efficiency, reliability, and overall quality of the power supply to customers. Additionally, the rising electricity demand, deregulation of energy markets, and congestion in transmission networks have further contributed to the declining performance of the grid. To address these challenges, integrating distributed generation units (DGUs) into electric distribution systems has gained significant attention. Furthermore, the integration of DGUs into conventional fossil fuel-based power plants is becoming necessary to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However, proper placement and sizing of DGUs are crucial for achieving optimal benefits. Inappropriate placement and sizing can lead to increased losses and degraded system performance, whereas optimal placement can enhance voltage stability and minimize power losses, thereby improving overall system performance. This study presents a particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique for determining the optimal placement and sizing of DGUs in power distribution networks. The proposed PSO approach considers voltage and power constraints to ensure operational requirements are met. The methodology is validated using IEEE 33-bus system simulations under three different scenarios: a network without DGUs, a network with one DGU, and a network with two DGUs. Simulation results demonstrate that optimal DGU placement significantly reduces power losses, minimizes voltage drops, and enhances system performance compared to a network without DGUs.Item Determinants of Students’ Performance in Electrical and Electronics Engineering at Mbeya University of Science and Technology, Tanzania(Published by G-Card, 2025-01-06) Katambara, Z.The Electrical and Electronics Engineering program requires a balance between theoretical knowledge and practical application, making students’ performance optimization essential in meeting industry demands. This study utilized descriptive statistics, Pearson Correlation Analysis, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to evaluate academic performance in the EEE program at Mbeya University of Science and Technology (MUST). By examining 16 core courses, the study identified key determinants of students’ success, course interdependencies and areas for curriculum enhancement. Descriptive statistics revealed significant variability in performance, with EE 8401 (Industrial Practical Training 3) recording the highest mean (79.98) and EE 8402 (Phase AC Synchronous Machines) the lowest (48.11), highlighting disparities in instructional effectiveness. Pearson Correlation Analysis shows strong correlations among theoretically aligned courses, moderate correlations among related subjects, and weak or negative correlations in distinct learning domains, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions and curriculum adjustments. PCA findings confirmed that three Principal Components explained 58.85% of the variance, representing theoretical foundations, applied project-based learning and specialized hands-on training. Scree plot and eigenvalue analysis validated dimensionality reduction, enhancing data interpretation. Principal Component loadings highlight academic constructs, with PC1 reflecting analytical competencies, PC2 capturing project-based courses and PC3 representing specialized training. This study recommends aligning theoretical courses with standardized assessments, integrating industry collaborations in project-based learning and refining assessment models for specialized training. Future research should explore longitudinal trends in Principal Components, external influences on high-uniqueness courses and students’ feedback integration. By implementing data-driven strategies, institutions can refine engineering curricula, bridge performance gaps and enhance student success outcomes.Item Application of the RUSLE model to estimate sedimentation in the Lwanyo Reservoir in Mbarali District Mbeya – Tanzania(IWA, 2025-02-17) Moshi, Baraka Moses; Katambara, Zacharia; Lingwanda, MwajumaThe constant increase in the global population is proportional to the increase in basic human needs associated with environ mental degradation. Sedimentation in water bodies poses socio-economic challenges as it lessens the storage capacities. The RUSLE model expresses the effect of sedimentation in the Lwanyo reservoir sub-catchment. Key factors influencing sedimentation include: maximum erosivity factor (R) is 421.39 (MJ mm ha 1 h 1 yr), the soil erodibility factor (K) is 0.071, the topographic factor (LS) due to catchment topography is 9.086, the vegetation cover and management factor (C) is 0.1045, and the conservation practice factor (P) is 0.14. The RUSLE model estimates soil sediment loss to be 3.977 tonnes/ha/year, as the average annual soil loss for the Lwanyo sub-catchment area is 39.6 km2 . This value indicates that for every hectare, the average annual soil loss is 1.004 10 3 tonnes/year, with silt as the dominant soil sediment being eroded. If no intervention measures are implemented, the sediment load could reach 119.31 tonnes over 30 years, reducing the reservoir’s storage capacity by 68.177 m3 . Reducing human activity in the catchment and promoting afforestation to mitigate sedimentation can help increase soil stability and reduce erosion.Item Analysis of Flooding Effects on the Msingi Masonry Arch Bridge in Mkalama, Singida, Tanzania(MUST Journal of Research and Development (MJRD), 2025-06-30) Katambara, Z; Kifanyi ,G; Barthazar, DHuman induced hydraulic factors have emerged as the leading cause of bridge failures since the 1990s, accounting for approximately 50% of incidents recorded in the authors' database. These failures often occur without warning and result in substantial structural damage. With the intensifying impacts of climate change globally and particularly in Tanzania, such events are projected to become more frequent. Among hydraulic causes, flooding poses the most significant risk, primarily through mechanisms like erosion, high hydraulic forces, and sedimentation. This study assesses the vulnerability of the Msingi Masonry Arch Bridge to flooding, examining both immediate and long-term impacts on its structural integrity. It evaluates the bridge's exposure to flood-related hazards and compares the original design discharge capacity of 1497.57 m³/s with the updated estimate of 1777.90 m³/s, revealing a critical under-capacity during peak flows. Based on these findings, the study proposes adaptive strategies to enhance the bridge’s flood resilience. Key recommendations include reinforcing embankments with stone retaining walls, raising the bridge elevation to accommodate future flood levels, and redesigning piers with upstream V-shaped walls to reduce debris accumulation. Additionally, the study advocates for community engagement through awareness programs and the preservation of natural riverbank vegetation to mitigate erosion. These measures aim to inform stakeholders and serve as a reference for flood-resilient infrastructure planning in similarly vulnerable regions.Item Assessing Key Performance Factors in Final-Year Civil Engineering Students at Mbeya University of Science and Technology, Tanzania by Using Principal Component Analysis(Mbeya University of Science and Technology, 2025-03-10) Katambara, Z; Matungwa WilliamThis study applies Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to evaluate and under stand academic performance among final-year Civil Engineering students at Mbeya University of Science and Technology (MUST) in the academic year 2023/2024. Responding to Tanzania’s growing demand for skilled engineers, this research provides data-driven insights into student achievement patterns, revealing the core factors impacting performance. PCA was utilized to reduce dimensionality, transforming course grades into uncorrelated components that capture underlying performance structures. The results identify three primary components: Core Academic Knowledge, explaining 41.38% of the variance; Specialized Applied Skills, contributing 10.07%; and Advanced Independent Skills, accounting for 6.71%. Together, these components explain 58.16% of total performance variance, indicating a robust framework for understanding student success drivers. Additional analysis, including correlation matrices and descriptive statistics, highlights patterns across courses, revealing strong relationships within core competencies and independent distinctions in advanced courses. Findings suggest curriculum enhancements and targeted interventions that could better pre pare students for industry needs, focusing on core academic support, practical skills enhancement, and resources for advanced technical areas.Item Fixed point theorem on CATp(0) metric spaces with applications in solving matrix equations and fractional differential equations(AIMS Mathematics, 2025-05-15) Sajid, Mohammad; Wangwe, Lucas; Hemanta, Kalita; Kumar, SantoshThis paper aimed to explore fixed point theorems for CMJ generalized mappings in CATp(0) metric spaces. To strengthen the established results, we presented a positive example. In applications, we found the existence of the solution to nonlinear matrix equations, and unique solutions of two scale fractal hybrid fractional differential equations in CATp(0).
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