Humanities and Business Studies

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Assessment of Factors Affecting Implementation of Open Performance Review and Appraisal System: The Case Study of Mbeya University of Science and Technology
(Teofilo Kisanji University, 2019) Emmanuel, Samwel
Open Performance Review and Appraisal System (OPRAS) was established by the Government Establishment Circular No. 2 of July, 2004. Since then, there have been some challenges in its implementation. Institutions have tried to settle the challenges for OPRAS smooth operations. Despite of efforts put forth, the process still face some challenges. This has necessitated the assessment of factors affecting implementation of OPRAS, using Mbeya University of Science and Technology (MUST) as a case study. The specific objectives of this study were to examine employee understanding on objectives of OPRAS; investigate challenges experienced during implementation of OPRAS and assessment of employee’s perception on OPRAS as performance assessment tool. This study employed a case study design of which 84 respondents were randomly sampled to generate results. Data collection was done through structured questionnaires. The results were analysed using SPSS version 20 where, tables and figures were generated to present results. The study found that 72% of employees understood the objective of introducing OPRAS as a performance measurement tool for improving productivity, work efficiency, individual and team work and individual development. The challenges contributing to ineffective of OPRAS implementation noted included; inadequate feedback, lack of direct benefits, individual objectives were not understood, lack of training to implementers, failure to motivate good performers and failure to participate employees in setting objectives. On the use of OPRAS, 51% of the respondents had positive opinion. The study recommends that there should be regular training to enhance staff OPRAS understanding. Have in place friendly feedback mechanism to enhance staff viii commitment. There should be direct benefits associated with OPRAS to cultivate hard working culture and participation of staff in setting objectives to create sense of ownership
Assessment of the Effectiveness of Training and Development Programme In Social Security Providers A Case Of National Social Security Fund (Nssf)
(University Of Dar Es Salaam, 2008) Msangi, Saidi Mustafa
This study assesses the effectiveness of staff training and development programmes at the NSSF. The aim of the study was to establish how staff training and development needs were met and factors which hinder it and also how staff felt about the functions of Human resources department. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to the NSSF staff including the heads of departments. Interviews with managers were also conducted. The study has uncovered that; there is lack of update training policy as well as training programme, there is no training evaluation which is carried out, training budget is inadequate, and there is an element of favouritism to some employees and lack of top management support towards staff training and development at NSSF. The major recommendations of the study are that: NSSF training policies, programmes and procedures should be clearly and authentically spelt out in a staff training manual to enable each employee become acquainted with them. Employees (trainees) should receive feedback from training evaluation. NSSF should work out strategies to accrue more funds for staff training function. Also, the criteria for sponsoring of training should be transparent.
Community Perceptions on Foreign Agricultural Investments in Iringa District, Tanzania
(Moshi Co-operative University, 2019) Matiku, Stephano
This study assessed the community perception on foreign agricultural investments in Iringa District. Specifically, the study sought to establish the level of community awareness on current investor; identify community perceptions on investor’s activities, identify community expectation and assess the implementation of investor’s CSR in community. The study used a case study design where four Villages adjacent to STL: Ihemi, Ifunda, Bandabichi, and Muwimbi were purposely selected. The primary data were randomly collected from 99 community members using questionnaire, focus group discussions, in-depth interview and key informants. Quantitative data were analysed by descriptive statistics (frequencies and Percent). Qualitative data were analysed using content analysis. Study findings showed that the community was aware of the current investor and investor’s activities; community has negative perceptions toward STL activities. It was also admitted by the community that their expectations had not been met effectively. Furthermore, it was found out that the community has negative perception on how STL implement CSR. It was concluded that community members have negative perceptions on foreign agricultural investment, since they are not involved effectively in such activities. The study recommends that there is a need for the central government to take a number of specific measures to increase the involvement of communities in decisions over foreign agricultural investment. Also, STL should realize that many successful foreign investors work under circumstances endorsed and supported by the host community such as enhancing the technical knowledge, fair and adequate remuneration, and training for employees and should involve out-growers farmers.
Effectiveness of the Human Resources Planning In Higher Learning Institutions: The Case of Mbeya University of Science and Technology
(The Open University of Tanzania, 2015) Egina, Judith Ghati
The study was aimed to examine the determinant factors in the effectiveness of Human Resources Planning in the higher learning institution, taking Mbeya University of Science and Technology as the case study. The study also wanted to identify methods of Human resource planning. The study also wanted to establish whether existing human resources planning methods have been effective in acquisition and retain staff. Lastly to analyze challenges facing human resources planning. This was a case study and quantitatively research was used. To get primary data respondents were selected randomly and purposively for the case study and data was collected through administrating structured questionnaires. Interviews were conducted. For secondary data document review was used. Data was coded, edited and analyzed. The study found that judgmental, forecasting, trend analysis, replacement and ratio are methods which MUST be applied in human resources planning. But also it was found that financial constraints, technology, lack of expertise and the incapability of the staffs, and workforce diversity are challenges which influence human resource planning. Also the study found that to a large extent human resource planning is effective at the Mbeya University of Science and Technology. So it is recommended that to put more emphasis on human resources planning so as ensure University goals are achieved.
Effectiveness of The Human Resources Planning in Higher Learning Institutions: The Case of Mbeya University of Science and Technology.
(OUT, 2015) Egina, Judith Ghati
The study was aimed to examine the determinant factors in the effectiveness of Human Resources Planning in the higher learning institution, taking Mbeya University of Science and Technology as the case study. The study also wanted to identify methods of Human resource planning. The study also wanted to establish whether existing human resources planning methods have been effective in acquisition and retain staff. Lastly to analyze challenges facing human resources planning. This was a case study and quantitatively research was used. To get primary data respondents were selected randomly and purposively for the case study and data was collected through administrating structured questionnaires. Interviews were conducted. For secondary data document review was used. Data was coded, edited and analyzed. The study found that judgmental, forecasting, trend analysis, replacement and ratio are methods which MUST be applied in human resources planning. But also, it was found that financial constraints, technology, lack of expertise and the incapability of the staffs, and workforce diversity are challenges which influence human resource planning. Also, the study found that to a large extent human resource planning is effective at the Mbeya University of Science and Technology. So, it is recommended that to put more emphasis on human resources planning so as ensure University goals are achieved.
Enhancing Organizational Performance through Human Resource Incentives: Insights from TANESCO Dodoma, Tanzania
(Mbeya University of science and Technology, 2025-03-01) Mwinuka, Thomas; Matimbwa, Hadija; Kamala, Mugisha
Human resource incentives are crucial for enhancing organisational performance by boosting employee motivation, satisfaction, and performance. A study at TANESCO Dodoma analysed the effects of financial incentives, staff training, and employee recognition using a quantitative methodology and explanatory cross-sectional design. This research provided insights into the immediate effect of these incentives on organisational performance and the overall effectiveness of the employees at TANESCO Dodoma. A study was conducted with 187 employees from TANESCO Dodoma, selected through simple random sampling to ensure representativeness. Data was collected through structured questionnaires to assess employee perceptions and attitudes on the incentives and analysed using multiple linear regression techniques, yielding significant findings. The results indicated a significant positive relationship between various incentives and organisational performance. Specifically, the findings indicate that staff training is the most significant factor in improving performance, with a p-value of p < 0.001. Financial incentives follow closely, showing a notable impact with a p-value of p = 0.01. While staff recognition also plays an important role, its effect is comparatively smaller, with a p-value of p = 0.022. The study highlights the crucial role of human resource incentives at TANESCO Dodoma in driving organisational performance. This study provides context-specific evidence on the contribution of human resource incentives, particularly in a Tanzanian public sector setting, which has received limited attention in prior research. The study recommends optimising financial incentives to boost employee motivation and performance, expanding training programs to enhance skills, and implementing recognition practices to reward exceptional contributions. These strategies emphasise the need for continuous investment in human resources to support sustainable growth and success
Extension Service Delivery following Marketing Approach for Maize Productivity in Morogoro and Dodoma Regions
(Mbeya University of Science and Technology, 2020) Raphael Charles
Agricultural extension service is one of the strategies specified in the Agricultural Sector Development Strategy (ASDS) I and II for successful productivity of Agricultural sector in Tanzania. The ASDS I and II emphasize on delivering extension services to farmers using marketing approach. The extent to which extension service are provided to farmers using marketing approach is not yet scholarly established. This study therefore evaluates the extent to which extension services are delivered to maize farmers following marketing approached-based skills in Morogoro and Dodoma Region. The study also determines the influence of marketing approached based skills on maize productivity. The study quantitatively employed descriptive and explanatory survey designs. The data were gathered using questionnaire from 500 farmers who were sampled through stratified simple random technique. The gathered data were analyzed using Descriptive Statistics and Multiple Linear Regressions. that the findings revealed that, extension services are delivered to maize farmers to some extent using marketing approach-based skills; but to a large extent the services are delivered on pure agricultural skills. Furthermore, the marketing approach-based skills were found to have positive and significant influence on maize productivity. It is therefore recommended that, the government and other stakeholders through their respective extension agents should emphatically provide pure agricultural skills in conjunction with marketing approach-based skills to maize farmers.
Financial Management Practices on Growth of Business Enterprises in Mbinga District, Tanzania
(Mbeya University of Science and Technology, 2024-09-30) Mwidege, Asheri M.; Nyigu, Christopher
A robust financial management system forms the foundation for business growth and long-term survival. However, there is limited information on the financial management practices that contribute to business growth in the Mbinga district. This study examined financial management and working capital management practices. A semi quasi experimental research design was employed, utilizing questionnaires distributed to a sample of 62 business owners. Descriptive statistics were analyzed using the SPSS package. The results indicated that 41.9% of business enterprises employed working capital management practices, while 24% used capital structure management practices. Financial management practices were found to enhance management efficiency with a mean score of 3.74, increase the availability of capital with a mean score of 3.61, and improve operational margins with a mean score of 3.56. The study concluded that financial management practices are crucial for business growth and recommended their implementation. The study also found that capital structure management practices were applied to a lesser extent, although businesses showed an understanding of balancing debt and equity for financial sustainability. These findings suggest that the effective implementation of financial management practices is crucial for the growth and performance of businesses in the district. The study concludes that the integration of sound financial management practices contributes to better financial decision-making, risk mitigation, and resource optimization, leading to business expansion and sustainability. From a policy perspective, the study recommends that regulators and stakeholders encourage firms to leverage debt financing due to its associated tax benefits and advantages for financial sustainability. Theoretically, the findings underscore the relevance of agency theory in understanding the dynamics between managers and shareholders, and the principle of optimal capital structure in maximizing firm value. These insights provide a foundation for future research and practical interventions aimed at improving financial management practices in similar contexts.
Influence of User Characteristics on the Effectiveness of LGAs’ Human Resource Information System in Tanzania
(G-CARD, 2023) Matimbwa, Hadija; Olatokun, Wole
The implementation of the Human Resource Information System (HRIS) in Local Government Authorities (LGAs) in Tanzania aimed at addressing shortcomings of methods in managing employee’s information. The shortcomings primarily involved outdated data concerning civil servants. This study explored how user characteristics impact the effectiveness of HRIS in Tanzanian LGAs, specifically focusing on information timeliness, completeness and accuracy. The study covered Mwanza, Arusha, Dodoma, Morogoro, Iringa and Kagera Regions. A questionnaire and an interview guide were used for data collection from 213 participants sampled form 249 HR stakeholders. A total of 201 respondents participated in the study. An ordered logistic regression model was employed for data analysis. The findings revealed that user characteristics such as IT skills, commitment and experience have an influence on the HRIS effectiveness. Therefore, it is crucial to prioritize IT skills training to foster commitment among HRIS staff and promote knowledge sharing among in order to ensure successful implementation of HRI within the LGAs.
Knowledge and Skills of Caregivers in Managing Psychological Symptoms of Orphaned Children in Tanzania: The Case of Mbeya Cit
(University of Iringa, 2016) Makyao, Beatrice
The purpose of the study was to examine knowledge and skills of caregivers in managing psychological symptoms of orphans in orphanage centres in Tanzania. The study was conducted in Mbeya region in four registered orphanage centres. The study was guided by four objectives which include: to identify circumstances that led to orphanage; to examine psychological symptoms of orphans, to assess knowledge of caregivers in managing psychological symptoms of orphans, and to examine skills caregiver have in working with orphans‟ psychological symptoms. The study employed mixed methods where quantitative and qualitative approaches were both used for data collection and analysis. Data was obtained from a sample of 102 in which 80 respondents were orphans, 18 were caregivers and 4 orphanage administrative members. Data was collected through questionnaires and interviews. Questionnaires were derived from Child and Adolescent Symptoms Checklist, Tyelor Anxiety scale and Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale and applied to orphans. Questions for interviews were constructed from Caregiver discussion guide and applied to caregivers. Quantitative data was analysed by the use of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and qualitative data used theme analysis method. The findings revealed that majority of orphans ranges from 9 – 12 (41%) years, and Majority of caregivers were in age range between 20 and 30 (55.6%). The major circumstance that led orphans to orphanages was death of parents. The findings, however, show that a certain percentage of orphans pass through psychological symptoms of depression, anxiety and self esteem while others could not show any psychological symptoms. It was also found that caregivers have inadequate knowledge and skills which are necessary in working with orphans. It is suggested that experience is not sufficient in management of orphans‟ psychological challenges; orphanage management is required to organise and conduct seminars and workshops
Learners’ Attitudes and Practices towards Learning Communication Skills: The Case of Ordinary Diploma in Science Programmes
(The University Of Dodoma, 2019) Nsyengula, Stephen
This study investigated the learners’ attitudes and practices towards learning communication skills among ordinary diploma students of science programmes. The study involved a sample of 112 respondents, 62 from MUST and 50 from ATC. A cross-sectional research design was employed coupled with qualitative and quantitative approaches. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, observations and documentary review. Further, eight (8) classroom observations were made to collect data at the natural settings. The prospectus, examination scripts, copies of past papers, teaching schedule and instructors’ teaching load distribution for the first semester 2018/2019 were reviewed at the institutions. Quantitative data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 while qualitative data were analysed thematically. The findings revealed that the majority of diploma students have positive attitudes towards learning communication skills. Female students were more positive than male students. Moreover, the first and third-year students showed more positive attitudes than second-year students. Even though communication skills course is offered at the institutions, students demonstrated weakness in using English which is the language of communication in the institutions. Several practices limited students’ learning of communication skills. These include class size, scarcity of instructional materials and teaching methodology. Thus, students’ attendance in class and communication proficiency were affected. It is suggested that a pedagogical review is made to improve the teaching and learning of the course. Instructional materials and size of the class should be considered to enhance students’ acquisition of the required skills
Learners’ Attitudes and Practices towards Learning Communication Skills: The Cases of Mbeya University of Science and Technology and Arusha Technical College
(MUST Journal of Research and Development (MJRD), 2024-09-03) Stephen Partson Nsyengula
This study investigated learners' attitudes towards learning communication skills as a fundamental module among ordinary diploma students of science programmes. The study involved a sample of 112 students. A cross-sectional research design was employed. Data were collected through questionnaires and interviews. Quantitative data were analysed using SPSS version 20, while qualitative data were analysed thematically. The findings revealed that diploma students have positive attitudes towards learning communication skills. By comparison, female students were revealed to be more positive than male students. Moreover, first- and third-year students showed more positive attitudes than second-year students. It is recommended that students be emphasised about the importance of communication skills as future professional engineers and for the competitive labour market. To make training sessions more interesting and facilitate the smooth acquisition of the necessary skills, efforts must be made to strengthen communication skills training at colleges and universities.
Persistent stock market returns volatility in emerging capital markets as evidenced in Tanzania
(Inderscience Enterprises Ltd., 2021) Mwidege, Asheri
This study examined the stock returns volatility in Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange for the year 1998 through 2018 period. The study employed quantitative research design on time series data in which autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity and generalised autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity models were used determine the existence of volatility. The study employed Win Rat and E-views Econometric software for data analysis. Serial correlation and unit root analysed to determine seasonal dependencies of the stock market returns and stationarity, respectively. Results showed that all time series of returns were non-stationary except at market level and volatility of stock returns had a constant decaying coefficient value of 0.75 per trading period. The study concluded that the shocks to volatility were more persistent and had a slower and constant decaying rate in various trading periods in DSE. Therefore, it was recommended that the public should buy and sell shares in the market.
Technological Determinants of Human Resource Information System Effectiveness in Tanzania
(Journal of Policy and Development Studies (JPDS), 2024-11-29) Mugisha, Kamala; Matimbwa, Hadija
Organizations are increasingly moving from traditional paper files to digital filing systems to gain a competitive edge and improve access to human resources and HR-related information. This digitalization process not only makes data more accessible but also enhances its utilization for HR decision-making. As a result, HR-related information becomes more comprehensive, accurate, and up-to date. This study specifically investigates the impact of technological factors on the effectiveness of human resource information systems (HRIS) within local government authorities (LGAs) in Tanzania. The research utilized a combination of descriptive and inferential statistics, including ordered logistic regression analysis, to examine the impact of technological characteristics on the effectiveness of Human Resource Information Systems (HRIS). The findings revealed that factors such as compatibility, complexity, usefulness, and reliability play a crucial role in determining the timeliness, comprehensiveness, and accuracy of data retrieval within HRIS. The study offers valuable insights for improving human resource management practices in LGAs) through the adoption of computerized HRIS. The discussed approach enhances decision-making and improves access to information, contributing to the achievement of organizational goals. It also emphasizes the importance of regularly updating systems to keep pace with changing technological landscapes.
The Impact of Human Resource Information System Automation on Efficiency and Performance in Tanzania’s Public Universities
(2025) Innocent,Willy; Matoka, Chacha; Ngirwa,Charles
This study assessed the impact of the Human Resource Information System in enhancing organisational performance at the University of Dar es Salaam and Mbeya University of Science and Technology in Tanzania. Adopting a quantitative research design, the study employed a census approach to collect data from 204 purposively selected supervisors in both universities. Descriptive analysis and partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) were utilized for the data analysis. The findings revealed a positive and significant relationship between HRIS automation services and organisational performance, with a regression coefficient of 0.220 and a p-value of 0.000, signifying that increased HRIS automation services enhance performance. The study concludes that HRIS automation is integral to organisational performance and recommends strengthening ICT infrastructure, fostering employee engagement through training and resource allocation, and implementing evaluation mechanisms to align HRIS with institutional objectives. These measures will enhance HRIS efficiency and contribute to improved institutional effectiveness.
The Impact of Non-Agricultural Activities on Poverty Reduction in Rural Communities: A Case of Sumbawanga Rural District, Tanzania
(MUST Journal of Research and Development (MJRD, 2024-09-03) Lupia ,Jacob; Mlenge , Gallen; Majogoro, Makebe; Kagata, Lazaro
Agriculture is central to Tanzania's rural economy, but its underperformance drives many households in Sumbawanga Rural District to seek non-farm activities to combat poverty. This study investigates the impact of such activities on poverty reduction. It identifies drivers pushing farmers towards non-agricultural work, like low farm earnings and land scarcity, and explores how these activities affect household income. Data from 195 farming households reveals non-farm activities contribute significantly to income, ranging from 43% to 50%. Despite Tanzania's decreasing poverty rate (25.7%) in 2020, around 26 million still live in extreme poverty. The study suggests promoting non-agricultural endeavours like carpentry and animal husbandry to diversify income sources and alleviate poverty. Overall, it highlights the importance of non-farm activities in rural prosperity and recommends their integration into poverty reduction strategies.
The Influence of Responsibility Allowance on Public Secondary School Heads’ Service Delivery in Magu District-Tanzania
(Mbeya University of Science and Technology, 2018) Matete, Chacha O
The main objective of this study was to find out the influence of responsibility allowance on public secondary school heads service delivery in Magu District. Qualitative and quantitative data collection methods and analysis were used whereby the exploratory sequential design was employed. Questionnaires and interview schedule were used to collect data from 8 secondary schools in Magu District. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) and thematic content analysis were used to analyze quantitative and qualitative data respectively. The study revealed that teachers require different motivations especially physiological needs (allowances) for survival. It is therefore concluded that responsibility allowance has brought misunderstanding with teachers demanding the same motivation, it has benefited one side of management, it has demoralized teachers, it has widen the gap in management as it created classes between those who benefits and those who do not. On the other hand, allowance has increased smooth communication with subordinate and other senior offices, it has influenced management of educational goals, motivation, commitment, hardworking, efficiency and accountability to the head of schools has increased. This study recommends that the government should increase motivation to the teachers especially responsibility allowance to reduce friction, reduce enmity and reduce gap in management, the government should provide guidelines on how to use this money and Lastly, the government should allow some of the contribution such as academic contributions which will reduce over dependence on allowance provided to head of schools to cover emerging issues.
The Role of Community Based Rehabilitation Services in Transforming Behaviors of Juvenile Delinquents a Case of Irambo and Kihumbe Centers in Mbeya
(Mbeya University of Science and Technology, 2018) Ruta, Edness
The study intended to assess the role of community based rehabilitation services in transforming behaviour of juvenile delinquents in Mbeya. The study was carried out at Kihumbe and Irambo Approved School. Specifically, the study sought to identify the rehabilitation strategies used, explore community opinions on the effectiveness of the rehabilitation services a and identify youth - sensitive factors that hinder effective rehabilitation of the juvenile delinquents in the area. The study adopted a descriptive design. The target population were children who were attending rehabilitation program, children who have completed the rehabilitation program, program facilitators from Kihumbe and Irambo approved school and community members. The study selected a sample of 50 participants. Data for this study was collected through in-depth interview and observation. After data collection the information was analysed qualitatively. The study found out the rehabilitation services use counselling, vocational training, psycho-social education, life skill training, sports and games as methods of rehabilitating the youth. Training in agriculture and personal hygiene were common to all children in both centres. Findings also show that the community had a positive opinion about the service. The majority of community members pointed that rehabilitation services are so helpful to the children in the area though there is a need to improve those services provided and extend the coverage. They felt that the services have helped to modify children‟s behaviours to a significant level although there are factors that hinder effective rehabilitation such as the poor economic situation of parents and lack of adequate support from the rehabilitation centres in supporting the children to start own life. Generally, despite its contribution the rehabilitation service is faced by a number of challenges one being inadequate number of qualified staff to run the program. The study came up with different recommendations to different key stakeholders. It recommends that the government should increase staffing/personnel, ensure they are adequately trained and emphasise more on primary measures in preventing juvenile delinquency
Towards Addressing Challenges of Achieving Force Account Targets in Tanzania: The Case of Construction Projects Supervised by the Mbeya University of Science and Technology Consultancy Bureau
(Mbeya University of Science and Technology, 2023-12-21) Massawe, Justus
With three main objectives in mind: cost reduction, a shortened timeline, and higher quality, Political influence has used the force account technique extensively in Tanzania since 2016. This led to a range of procurement-related force account difficulties for the public in construction projects. By identifying the obstacles to force account targets and offering solutions that could help to enhance all construction projects in Tanzania that would utilise the force account mechanism, this study sought to strengthen the implementation of construction projects utilising the force account mechanism. The study used a cross-sectional survey research design and a sample of 98 respondents from the Mbeya, Songwe, and Njombe regions of the southern highlands. Construction projects were carried out in these areas using the force account system run by MUST or in coordination with its co-company, MCB. The study's data was gathered through surveys, an interviewing guide, and observations. The validity and reliability of each variable construct in the questionnaires were assessed, and the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient was employed to gauge the strength of the linear relationship between the study variables (r). The study also acknowledges that if the highlighted concerns are remedied, the method can contribute to the improvement of construction projects. The difficulties that prevent the implementation of force account mechanisms in construction projects include time-consuming hidden costs, the requirement for strict oversight of local funds, a lack of commitment among committee members, political influence, a lack of allowance for committee members, and poor estimation of committee members. The force account system inside the government public procurement legal framework has been found to have a positive and substantial influence on cost reduction, quality enhancement, and adherence to time management. This, in turn, will yield advantageous outcomes for building projects. It is advisable to allocate more resources towards enhancing the execution of building projects in the public sector by employing force account procedures. This approach aims to enhance the performance of public procurement and bolster institutional effectiveness.
Unveiling the Potential of Artificial Intelligence in Human Resource Management: A Systematic Review of Adoption Strategies, Challenges, and Future Directions.
(Cureus Journal of Business and Economics, 2025-04-23) Mohamed , Halima H.; Matimbwa , Hadija; Banzi , Jamal
Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force in human resource management (HRM), as it improves efficiency, decision-making processes, and employee experience while offering an unprecedented opportunity to create value for consumers, employees, and organizations. Despite its transformative potential, recent studies reveal a disconnect between expectations and the benefits of implementing AI. This systematic review examines the current state of AI in HRM, identifying key adoption strategies, challenges, and organizational prerequisites for successful integration. It provides a comprehensive, objective understanding of the organizational resources necessary to enhance AI capabilities in HRM, enabling organizations to fully benefit from them. Using CiteSpace for bibliometric analysis, the study traces the evolution of AI in HRM from algorithmic advancements to practical applications. Our findings highlight that successful AI adoption requires more than just technological investment; it demands leadership commitment, workforce upskilling, cultural adaptability, and cross-functional collaboration. We also discuss theoretical contributions such as refining AI-HRM frameworks and practical implications, including strategies for mitigating implementation risks. Finally, this study provides actionable insights for HR professionals, policymakers, and researchers seeking to harness AI’s full potential while addressing adoption barriers. By bridging the gap between expectations and reality, our work lays the foundation for future research on AI-driven HRM innovation

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