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Item What Accounts for Graduates Intentions of Being Self Employed? An Evidence of Mbeya University of Science and Technology and Teofilo Kisanji University, Tanzania.(IJMT, 2024-07) Mwidege, Asheri M.; Ngimba, ChristopherIt has been recognized that the route for young graduates from tertiary universities to the labor market is far from straightforward. However, little is known on what accounts for graduates intentions of self employment. This study therefore, assessed factors that account for graduates intentions to self employment along their specializations. This study employed quasi experimental approach and stratified purpose sampling plan to select finalist students from both Mbeya University of Science and Technology and Teofilo Kisanji University. Closed ended questionnaires were used to collect cross sectional data in which 388 students were interviewed. Descriptive statistics and non parametric approaches were methods for data analysis. Survey findings showed that there were an increase of interviewed respondents to become self employed from 29.4% to 39.7% before and after university studies. Also, there were an increase of respondents from 18.3% to 47.7% and 9.3% to 36.9% in business and technician activities accordingly before and after graduation. It is therefore concluded that specialization accounts for 32.7% and 100% to self employment and activities of graduates’ intentions, respectively. Thus, it is recommended that universities should associate specializations with self employment.Item Enhancing Organizational Performance through Human Resource Incentives: Insights from TANESCO Dodoma, Tanzania(Mbeya University of science and Technology, 2025-03-01) Mwinuka, Thomas; Matimbwa, Hadija; Kamala, MugishaHuman resource incentives are crucial for enhancing organisational performance by boosting employee motivation, satisfaction, and performance. A study at TANESCO Dodoma analysed the effects of financial incentives, staff training, and employee recognition using a quantitative methodology and explanatory cross-sectional design. This research provided insights into the immediate effect of these incentives on organisational performance and the overall effectiveness of the employees at TANESCO Dodoma. A study was conducted with 187 employees from TANESCO Dodoma, selected through simple random sampling to ensure representativeness. Data was collected through structured questionnaires to assess employee perceptions and attitudes on the incentives and analysed using multiple linear regression techniques, yielding significant findings. The results indicated a significant positive relationship between various incentives and organisational performance. Specifically, the findings indicate that staff training is the most significant factor in improving performance, with a p-value of p < 0.001. Financial incentives follow closely, showing a notable impact with a p-value of p = 0.01. While staff recognition also plays an important role, its effect is comparatively smaller, with a p-value of p = 0.022. The study highlights the crucial role of human resource incentives at TANESCO Dodoma in driving organisational performance. This study provides context-specific evidence on the contribution of human resource incentives, particularly in a Tanzanian public sector setting, which has received limited attention in prior research. The study recommends optimising financial incentives to boost employee motivation and performance, expanding training programs to enhance skills, and implementing recognition practices to reward exceptional contributions. These strategies emphasise the need for continuous investment in human resources to support sustainable growth and successItem The Impact of Human Resource Information System Automation on Efficiency and Performance in Tanzania’s Public Universities(2025) Innocent,Willy; Matoka, Chacha; Ngirwa,CharlesThis study assessed the impact of the Human Resource Information System in enhancing organisational performance at the University of Dar es Salaam and Mbeya University of Science and Technology in Tanzania. Adopting a quantitative research design, the study employed a census approach to collect data from 204 purposively selected supervisors in both universities. Descriptive analysis and partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) were utilized for the data analysis. The findings revealed a positive and significant relationship between HRIS automation services and organisational performance, with a regression coefficient of 0.220 and a p-value of 0.000, signifying that increased HRIS automation services enhance performance. The study concludes that HRIS automation is integral to organisational performance and recommends strengthening ICT infrastructure, fostering employee engagement through training and resource allocation, and implementing evaluation mechanisms to align HRIS with institutional objectives. These measures will enhance HRIS efficiency and contribute to improved institutional effectiveness.Item Influence of User Characteristics on the Effectiveness of LGAs’ Human Resource Information System in Tanzania(G-CARD, 2023) Matimbwa, Hadija; Olatokun, WoleThe implementation of the Human Resource Information System (HRIS) in Local Government Authorities (LGAs) in Tanzania aimed at addressing shortcomings of methods in managing employee’s information. The shortcomings primarily involved outdated data concerning civil servants. This study explored how user characteristics impact the effectiveness of HRIS in Tanzanian LGAs, specifically focusing on information timeliness, completeness and accuracy. The study covered Mwanza, Arusha, Dodoma, Morogoro, Iringa and Kagera Regions. A questionnaire and an interview guide were used for data collection from 213 participants sampled form 249 HR stakeholders. A total of 201 respondents participated in the study. An ordered logistic regression model was employed for data analysis. The findings revealed that user characteristics such as IT skills, commitment and experience have an influence on the HRIS effectiveness. Therefore, it is crucial to prioritize IT skills training to foster commitment among HRIS staff and promote knowledge sharing among in order to ensure successful implementation of HRI within the LGAs.Item Persistent stock market returns volatility in emerging capital markets as evidenced in Tanzania(Inderscience Enterprises Ltd., 2021) Mwidege, AsheriThis study examined the stock returns volatility in Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange for the year 1998 through 2018 period. The study employed quantitative research design on time series data in which autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity and generalised autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity models were used determine the existence of volatility. The study employed Win Rat and E-views Econometric software for data analysis. Serial correlation and unit root analysed to determine seasonal dependencies of the stock market returns and stationarity, respectively. Results showed that all time series of returns were non-stationary except at market level and volatility of stock returns had a constant decaying coefficient value of 0.75 per trading period. The study concluded that the shocks to volatility were more persistent and had a slower and constant decaying rate in various trading periods in DSE. Therefore, it was recommended that the public should buy and sell shares in the market.Item Technological Determinants of Human Resource Information System Effectiveness in Tanzania(Journal of Policy and Development Studies (JPDS), 2024-11-29) Mugisha, Kamala; Matimbwa, HadijaOrganizations are increasingly moving from traditional paper files to digital filing systems to gain a competitive edge and improve access to human resources and HR-related information. This digitalization process not only makes data more accessible but also enhances its utilization for HR decision-making. As a result, HR-related information becomes more comprehensive, accurate, and up-to date. This study specifically investigates the impact of technological factors on the effectiveness of human resource information systems (HRIS) within local government authorities (LGAs) in Tanzania. The research utilized a combination of descriptive and inferential statistics, including ordered logistic regression analysis, to examine the impact of technological characteristics on the effectiveness of Human Resource Information Systems (HRIS). The findings revealed that factors such as compatibility, complexity, usefulness, and reliability play a crucial role in determining the timeliness, comprehensiveness, and accuracy of data retrieval within HRIS. The study offers valuable insights for improving human resource management practices in LGAs) through the adoption of computerized HRIS. The discussed approach enhances decision-making and improves access to information, contributing to the achievement of organizational goals. It also emphasizes the importance of regularly updating systems to keep pace with changing technological landscapes.Item Extension Service Delivery following Marketing Approach for Maize Productivity in Morogoro and Dodoma Regions(Mbeya University of Science and Technology, 2020) Raphael CharlesAgricultural extension service is one of the strategies specified in the Agricultural Sector Development Strategy (ASDS) I and II for successful productivity of Agricultural sector in Tanzania. The ASDS I and II emphasize on delivering extension services to farmers using marketing approach. The extent to which extension service are provided to farmers using marketing approach is not yet scholarly established. This study therefore evaluates the extent to which extension services are delivered to maize farmers following marketing approached-based skills in Morogoro and Dodoma Region. The study also determines the influence of marketing approached based skills on maize productivity. The study quantitatively employed descriptive and explanatory survey designs. The data were gathered using questionnaire from 500 farmers who were sampled through stratified simple random technique. The gathered data were analyzed using Descriptive Statistics and Multiple Linear Regressions. that the findings revealed that, extension services are delivered to maize farmers to some extent using marketing approach-based skills; but to a large extent the services are delivered on pure agricultural skills. Furthermore, the marketing approach-based skills were found to have positive and significant influence on maize productivity. It is therefore recommended that, the government and other stakeholders through their respective extension agents should emphatically provide pure agricultural skills in conjunction with marketing approach-based skills to maize farmers.Item Financial Management Practices on Growth of Business Enterprises in Mbinga District, Tanzania(Mbeya University of Science and Technology, 2024-09-30) Mwidege, Asheri M.; Nyigu, ChristopherA robust financial management system forms the foundation for business growth and long-term survival. However, there is limited information on the financial management practices that contribute to business growth in the Mbinga district. This study examined financial management and working capital management practices. A semi quasi experimental research design was employed, utilizing questionnaires distributed to a sample of 62 business owners. Descriptive statistics were analyzed using the SPSS package. The results indicated that 41.9% of business enterprises employed working capital management practices, while 24% used capital structure management practices. Financial management practices were found to enhance management efficiency with a mean score of 3.74, increase the availability of capital with a mean score of 3.61, and improve operational margins with a mean score of 3.56. The study concluded that financial management practices are crucial for business growth and recommended their implementation. The study also found that capital structure management practices were applied to a lesser extent, although businesses showed an understanding of balancing debt and equity for financial sustainability. These findings suggest that the effective implementation of financial management practices is crucial for the growth and performance of businesses in the district. The study concludes that the integration of sound financial management practices contributes to better financial decision-making, risk mitigation, and resource optimization, leading to business expansion and sustainability. From a policy perspective, the study recommends that regulators and stakeholders encourage firms to leverage debt financing due to its associated tax benefits and advantages for financial sustainability. Theoretically, the findings underscore the relevance of agency theory in understanding the dynamics between managers and shareholders, and the principle of optimal capital structure in maximizing firm value. These insights provide a foundation for future research and practical interventions aimed at improving financial management practices in similar contexts.Item The Impact of Non-Agricultural Activities on Poverty Reduction in Rural Communities: A Case of Sumbawanga Rural District, Tanzania(MUST Journal of Research and Development (MJRD, 2024-09-03) Lupia ,Jacob; Mlenge , Gallen; Majogoro, Makebe; Kagata, LazaroAgriculture is central to Tanzania's rural economy, but its underperformance drives many households in Sumbawanga Rural District to seek non-farm activities to combat poverty. This study investigates the impact of such activities on poverty reduction. It identifies drivers pushing farmers towards non-agricultural work, like low farm earnings and land scarcity, and explores how these activities affect household income. Data from 195 farming households reveals non-farm activities contribute significantly to income, ranging from 43% to 50%. Despite Tanzania's decreasing poverty rate (25.7%) in 2020, around 26 million still live in extreme poverty. The study suggests promoting non-agricultural endeavours like carpentry and animal husbandry to diversify income sources and alleviate poverty. Overall, it highlights the importance of non-farm activities in rural prosperity and recommends their integration into poverty reduction strategies.Item Learners’ Attitudes and Practices towards Learning Communication Skills: The Cases of Mbeya University of Science and Technology and Arusha Technical College(MUST Journal of Research and Development (MJRD), 2024-09-03) Stephen Partson NsyengulaThis study investigated learners' attitudes towards learning communication skills as a fundamental module among ordinary diploma students of science programmes. The study involved a sample of 112 students. A cross-sectional research design was employed. Data were collected through questionnaires and interviews. Quantitative data were analysed using SPSS version 20, while qualitative data were analysed thematically. The findings revealed that diploma students have positive attitudes towards learning communication skills. By comparison, female students were revealed to be more positive than male students. Moreover, first- and third-year students showed more positive attitudes than second-year students. It is recommended that students be emphasised about the importance of communication skills as future professional engineers and for the competitive labour market. To make training sessions more interesting and facilitate the smooth acquisition of the necessary skills, efforts must be made to strengthen communication skills training at colleges and universities.