Entropy Optimization in Transient Hydromagnetics Laminar Flow Through a Vertical Stream With Emission of Thermal Energy and Temperature-Dependent Properties Governed by Newtonian Cooling

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dc.contributor.authorKigodi O. J, Shegwando O. B, Matofali A.X, Mzomozi R.F, Berenado R.E
dc.date.accessioned2026-05-31T15:07:08Z
dc.date.issued2026-05-02
dc.description.abstractThis study incorporates thermal energy, temperature-dependent properties, thermal-dynamic irreversibility in MHD fluid flow embedded in a porous vertical medium driven by Newtonian cooling. The study considers an incompressible, electrically conducting fluid flowing laminarly in a vertical channel bounded by two infinite parallel plates. The governing equations are developed and discretized using Crank-Nicolson finite difference scheme (CN-FDM) where the discretized equations are simulated using MATLAB software. The findings reveal that rising magnetic field by 2% lowers both velocity and temperature up to 0.2% with intensified entropy reduction near the walls. Amplifying permeability by 4% intensifies fluid motion while Bejan number falls by approximately 7%, stabilizing unrecovered fluid friction. Escalating the radioactive parameter by 6% improves the temperature profile while lowering Bejan number. Rising pressure gradient deteriorates the Bejan number by approximately 9% caused by stabilized fluid friction across the channel. Moreover, the temperature profile and Bejan number fall by 12% due to an increase in Prandtl number by 5%. Fluid motion deteriorates by 4% while entropy production at the central region of the channel is reduced by 13% with the increase in Eckert number. Escalating heat generation by 8% amplifies the temperature profile by 16% and reduces fluid resistance by 23%, with intensified entropy production near the walls. Fine-tuning buoyancy forces may lower entropy pro- duction by approximately 30%. Velocity and temperature reach a steady state with buoyancy, while time increases, wall shear and heat transfer before stabilization. The findings reveal that variations of these physical quantities have a great influence to coefficient of skin friction and Nusselt number on both walls. These results inform the MHD and thermal-fluid systems designers to ensure fine-tuning of magnetic field parameter, Darcy number, Eckert number, internal heat generation, Prandtl number, and buoyance effects that enhance effective thermodynamic in these systems.
dc.identifier.urihttps://repository.must.ac.tz/handle/123456789/622
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherWiley
dc.relation.ispartofseriesEngineering Reports
dc.subjectconvective cooling | entropy optimization | laminar flow | MHD
dc.subjectradiation
dc.titleEntropy Optimization in Transient Hydromagnetics Laminar Flow Through a Vertical Stream With Emission of Thermal Energy and Temperature-Dependent Properties Governed by Newtonian Cooling
dc.typeArticle

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