Evaluating the Hydraulic Performance and Sustainability of the Simike–Nzovwe Roadside Drainage System in Mbeya City, Tanzania, Using the Hydrologic Engineering Centre’s River Analysis System Modeling

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dc.contributor.authorMohamed, Abdul
dc.contributor.authorKatambara, Zacharia
dc.date.accessioned2025-08-05T11:04:13Z
dc.date.available2025-08-05T11:04:13Z
dc.date.issued2025-07-21
dc.descriptionThis Journal article was published by ACCSCIENCE PUBLISHING in 2025
dc.description.abstractThis study addresses the hydraulic inefficiencies and maintenance challenges associated with the roadside drainage system along a 1.85 km stretch of the TANZAM Highway between Simike and the Nzovwe River, which includes five circular culverts. The objective was to evaluate the system’s hydraulic performance under rainfall events using the Hydrologic Engineering Centre’s River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) one-dimensional hydraulic model. Specifically, the study focused on analyzing flow regimes, specific energy transitions, and sediment transport dynamics to identify critical points of inefficiency. The methodology involved simulating steady flow conditions, assessing the influence of channel and culvert geometry, and performing a sensitivity analysis on key hydraulic parameters, including Manning’s roughness coefficient, channel slope, and culvert dimensions. The model results revealed that subcritical flow conditions (Froude number, Fr 1) pose erosion risks. Pronounced hydraulic jumps were observed near culvert outlets, resulting in significant turbulence, abrupt energy dissipation, and localized erosion. Flow velocities decreased sharply from over 7 m/s to below 1 m/s across these transition zones. This study provides an integrated evaluation of hydraulic and sediment transport interactions in a real-world drainage system using HEC-RAS, supported by targeted design optimization strategies. Key recommendations include modifying side slope geometry, increasing longitudinal gradients, and enlarging culvert dimensions to enhance flow capacity and reduce sediment deposition. In addition, the application of riprap in high-velocity zones, vegetative lining in low velocity areas, and the inclusion of sediment traps are proposed to control erosion and minimize maintenance.
dc.identifier.otherdoi: 10.36922/AJWEP025190146
dc.identifier.urihttps://repository.must.ac.tz/handle/123456789/373
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherACCSCIENCE PUBLISHING
dc.titleEvaluating the Hydraulic Performance and Sustainability of the Simike–Nzovwe Roadside Drainage System in Mbeya City, Tanzania, Using the Hydrologic Engineering Centre’s River Analysis System Modeling
dc.typeArticle
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